Salt “\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler”, “demokrasi”, vb. ba\u015fl\u0131klar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan anayasalar\u0131n, ekonomik ve toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesine dair boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez k\u0131l\u0131nmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir anayasa haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7iyoruz.<\/p>\n
Medyan\u0131n verdi\u011fi haberlere g\u00f6re, meclisteki anayasa haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcreci esas olarak iktidar\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemi talebi nedeniyle s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. \u0130ktidar ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemi talebinden vazge\u00e7erse her \u015fey hallolacak, “\u00f6zledi\u011fimiz” anayasaya sahip oluverece\u011fiz gibi bir hava yay\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Partilerin \u00fczerinde anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 belirtilen maddelerin neler oldu\u011fu ise b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kamuoyunun bilgisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda.<\/p>\n
Avrupa \u00e7ap\u0131nda “demokrasiyi” daha da kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla g\u00fcndeme getirilen Avrupa Anayasas\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken de, i\u015fin ekonomik ve toplumsal boyutlar\u0131 toplumdan gizlenmi\u015f, yeterince tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na f\u0131rsat verilmemi\u015f, demokrasi, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck s\u00f6ylemi \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 benzer \u015fekilde.<\/p>\n
AVRUPA’NIN BUG\u00dcN\u00dc VE D\u00dcN\u00dc<\/p>\n
Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde bu g\u00fcn ya\u015fananlar (artan i\u015fsizlik, artan intiharlar), sahte bollu\u011fun ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 o g\u00fcnlerde \u00f6nemli bulunmay\u0131p, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya gerek duyulmayan ekonomik ve sosyal boyutlu anayasal d\u00fczenlemelerin, ger\u00e7ekte ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu, g\u00f6rmek isteyenlere b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n
Sermaye kesimi ve AB b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde olu\u015fturulan Avrupa Anayasas\u0131, merkez sa\u011f ve merkez sol siyasi partilerin yo\u011fun deste\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle sendikalar\u0131n yo\u011fun kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 sonucunda, 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hollanda ve Fransa’da yap\u0131lan referandumlarda reddedilince, anayasa konusu h\u0131zla rafa kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ve kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 engellenmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Anayasan\u0131n halkoyuyla reddedilmesi, b\u00fcy\u00fck sermaye destekli AB y\u00f6netimini durdurmaya yetmedi. Referandum yoluyla Avrupa halklar\u0131na onaylatt\u0131r\u0131lamayan “Mali Anayasa” ile ama\u00e7lanan hedefe, devlet ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n oylar\u0131yla kabul edilen Lizbon Antla\u015fmas\u0131’yla ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Lizbon Anla\u015fmas\u0131, Anayasal zorunluk olarak bu antla\u015fmay\u0131 referanduma g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesi gereken tek \u00fclke olan \u0130rlanda halk\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ilk seferinde reddedildiyse de, mali tehdit de i\u00e7eren b\u00fcy\u00fck bask\u0131lar sonras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ikinci referandumda kabul edildi (buna benzer bir \u00f6rnek Yunanistan’da yap\u0131lan son se\u00e7imlerde ya\u015fand\u0131).<\/p>\n
Maastricht ve Kopenhag Anla\u015fmalar\u0131yla ba\u015flayan, solun ekonomik iddialar\u0131n\u0131n siyasal ve yasal d\u00fczeyde me\u015frulu\u011funun ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelen bu geli\u015fme ile neo-liberal devlet yap\u0131s\u0131 ve serbest piyasa ekonomisi, siyasi olarak kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lamaz kurallar olarak AB \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir nevi anayasal g\u00fcvenceye kavu\u015fturuldu.<\/p>\n
EKONOM\u0130K BOZUKLUK \u00dcZER\u0130NE KURULU ANAYASA<\/p>\n
Anayasa tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bu g\u00fcn \u00fclkemizde ya\u015fananlarla, sekiz y\u0131l \u00f6nce Avrupa’da ya\u015fananlar aras\u0131nda, “serbest piyasa”, “giri\u015fim \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc”, “m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131”, “s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapma hakk\u0131\/\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” vb. kavramlar \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak g\u00fcndeme getirilen, “Mali Anayasa” hedefi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck benzerlik oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Ne demek istedi\u011fimizi daha net anlatabilmek i\u00e7in, “Mali Anayasa” talebinin temelinde yatan “Anayasal \u0130ktisat Teorisine” k\u0131saca de\u011finmekte yarar var. “Anayasal \u0130ktisat” k\u00fcreselle\u015fme ve neo-liberalizm kavramlar\u0131yla uyumlu, bu kavramlar\u0131 anayasal d\u00fczlemde kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131, ete kemi\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcrmeyi ama\u00e7layan bir teori.<\/p>\n
Teori; Devletlerin i\u015fsizlik, gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndaki adaletsizlik, b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131 dengesizliklerin giderilmesi, \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi, sosyal adaletsizliklerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 vb. gerek\u00e7elerle, piyasan\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fine m\u00fcdahale etmelerinin, piyasan\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015finde var oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131lan dengenin bozulmas\u0131na neden olaca\u011f\u0131 kabul\u00fc \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n
Anayasal \u0130ktisat savunucular\u0131na g\u00f6re; Devlet bu m\u00fcdahaleyi \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fekilde yapmakta.<\/p>\n
Temel mal ve hizmetlerin \u00fcretim ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda kamu sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 birinci m\u00fcdahale y\u00f6ntemi. Devlet, elinde bulunan g\u00fc\u00e7 ile haks\u0131z rekabet olu\u015fturmakta, mal ve hizmet fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n piyasa ko\u015fullar\u0131nda serbest\u00e7e olu\u015fmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, devlet mal ve hizmet \u00fcretmemeli, ula\u015f\u0131m, elektrik-su da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 vb. hizmetler dahil olmak \u00fczere, mevcutlar \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme uygulamalar\u0131 ile elden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
K\u0131dem tazminat\u0131, kamu emeklilik sistemi, vb. sosyal devlet uygulamalar\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrce s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapma hakk\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r. Eme\u011fin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesine olanak sa\u011flayan, gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmeyi, b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131 dengesizlikleri gidermeyi ama\u00e7layan her t\u00fcrden mevzuat ve uygulama, ikinci m\u00fcdahale yolu olmakta, kamu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n “israf\u0131na”, insanlar\u0131n tembelle\u015fmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumun engellenmesi i\u00e7in, sosyal devlet, \u00fccretsiz e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131 terkedilmeli, kamu kaynaklar\u0131 giri\u015fimcili\u011fin, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn ve serbest piyasan\u0131n desteklenmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc m\u00fcdahale y\u00f6ntemi ise, uluslararas\u0131 mal ve para hareketlerini k\u0131s\u0131tlayan d\u00fczenlemelerdir. Anayasal iktisat savunucular\u0131na g\u00f6re “paran\u0131n dini, milliyeti bulunmamaktad\u0131r”. Sermayenin serbest\u00e7e dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcne konacak engeller devletleri g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek, demokrasiyi, ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi zay\u0131flatacakt\u0131r. Daha \u00e7ok demokrasinin ve ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin yolu, para hareketleri \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n
Etnik ve dini kimlikler \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan demokrasi ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, konunun ekonomik ve sosyal ya\u015fama ili\u015fkin yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 maskelemektedir.<\/p>\n
Anayasa haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcrecinin, ekonomik ve sosyal d\u00fczenlemeler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan toplumun t\u00fcm kesimlerini kapsayacak \u015fekilde tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131, s\u00fcrecin Avrupa Anayasas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde ya\u015fananlarla benzerlik ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, 24 Ocak 1980 kararlar\u0131yla ba\u015flay\u0131p, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde halen devam eden ekonomideki kurals\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rma (de-regulasyon) s\u00fcrecinin anayasa korumas\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan bir “mali anayasa” haz\u0131rlanmakta oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncemizi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmektedir.<\/p>\n
Ekonomik ve sosyal ya\u015fam\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesine ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler de dahil olmak \u00fczere, Anayasa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda uzla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen konular\u0131n kamuoyu ile t\u00fcm a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kamuoyunda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131nmas\u0131, daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir s\u00fcrecin i\u015flemesi i\u00e7in olmazsa olmaz niteliktedir.<\/p>\n
Bu konuda, \u00f6zellikle emek \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine\/sendikalara ve kendisini sol\/sosyal demokrat olarak tan\u0131mlayan siyasi partilere b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6rev d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Bu sayede toplum, ba\u015fta CHP olmak \u00fczere, yelpazenin solunda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen partilerin ve emek \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin, yakla\u015f\u0131k 33 y\u0131ld\u0131r uygulanmakta olan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 finansalla\u015fmay\u0131 ve kamu hizmetlerinin \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmesini esas alan neo-liberal ekonomi politikalar\u0131 konusundaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini birinci elden \u00f6\u011frenecek, referanduma gitmesi muhtemel olan yeni anayasaya ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc, bilgiye dayal\u0131 olarak, \u00f6zg\u00fcrce olu\u015fturma f\u0131rsat\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ahmet M\u00fcfit\n<\/p>\n
Odatv.com<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n<\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Salt “\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler”, “demokrasi”, vb. ba\u015fl\u0131klar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan anayasalar\u0131n, ekonomik ve toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesine dair boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez k\u0131l\u0131nmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir anayasa haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7iyoruz. Medyan\u0131n verdi\u011fi haberlere g\u00f6re, meclisteki anayasa haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcreci esas olarak iktidar\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemi talebi nedeniyle s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. \u0130ktidar ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemi talebinden vazge\u00e7erse her \u015fey hallolacak, “\u00f6zledi\u011fimiz” anayasaya sahip oluverece\u011fiz gibi bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo.habermatik.net\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/684"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo.habermatik.net\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo.habermatik.net\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo.habermatik.net\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo.habermatik.net\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=684"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/demo.habermatik.net\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/684\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo.habermatik.net\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo.habermatik.net\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo.habermatik.net\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}